Contents:

• The role of iodine in our body
• Symptoms of iodine deficiency
• The use of iodine-containing food supplements

Iodine is an essential element in our bodies. It is primarily responsible for the proper functioning of the thyroid gland. Its deficiency or excess can have serious consequences for our physical and mental health. Interest in iodine as a means of absorbing other radioactive elements has increased significantly since the outbreak of war across our eastern border. Let's look at the symptoms of iodine deficiency and in which situations it should be used.

The role of iodine in our body

In coastal cities, we inhale iodine through the air, while in other regions, we absorb it through food. Most iodine is found in sea fish and seafood. Iodized salt is also a reliable source of iodine, and its consumption is especially recommended for people living in iodine-poor areas, such as foothill and mountainous regions. The correct amount of iodine in our body should be at least 20 to 50 mg. Up to 75% of this element is stored in the thyroid gland. The main, but not only, function of iodine is the proper synthesis of the thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine, as well as maintaining its proper function and structure. For this organ to function properly, you need to supply it with 150 to 300 micrograms of iodine daily. The hormones produced by the thyroid gland are responsible for the proper functioning and development of the entire body.

Symptoms of iodine deficiency

Europeans are the most affected by severe iodine deficiency. This is something of a general public health problem, affecting up to two billion people and considered a major factor in the quality of health of the entire population. Iodine deficiency manifests itself, among other things, in:

• chronic fatigue,
• unjustified weight gain,
• Energy deficiency
• dry, flaky facial and body skin,
• Menstrual and fertility disorders,
• Feeling restless, lack of concentration and nervousness,
• in pregnant women - abnormal development of the fetus,
• Enlargement of the thyroid gland and formation of the so-called will in the neck.

Excess iodine in the body is relatively well tolerated in most cases. The exception is patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases, who may experience side effects even at a safe dose. Excessive iodine intake can lead to hyperthyroidism and skin changes. In rare cases, an excess can also lead to iodine poisoning, the symptoms of which may include abdominal pain, diarrhea or vomiting, and a burning sensation in the throat and stomach.

The use of iodine-containing food supplements

Iodine supplements containing potassium iodide —a stable form of iodine that is easily absorbed by the body—available in pharmacies or health food stores are relatively safe and should be taken according to the package insert recommendations or after consulting a doctor. Iodine-containing supplements are indicated, for example, for the treatment or prevention of goiter due to iodine deficiency in pregnant women or hypothyroidism due to a significant iodine deficiency. A contraindication to the use of iodine-containing supplements is hyperthyroidism or cancer of this organ.